[326] Fox Studios Australia commenced production in Sydney in 1998. [18][19][20] It is classified as an Alpha Global City by Globalization and World Cities Research Network, indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world. [259], Unemployment in the City of Sydney averaged 4.6% for the decade to 2013, much lower than the current rate of unemployment in Western Sydney of 7.3%. He raided farms until Governor Macquarie dispatched troops from the British Army 46th Regiment in 1816 and ended the conflict by killing 14 Indigenous Australians in a raid on their campsite.[56][57]. [352], Sydney benefitted from the construction of significant sporting infrastructure in preparation for its hosting of the 2000 Summer Olympics. [214] The tallest structure is Sydney Tower, designed by Donald Crone and completed in 1981. [366] The City of Sydney is led by an elected Council and Lord Mayor who has in the past been treated as a representative of the entire city.[367]. The North Shore includes the commercial centres of North Sydney and Chatswood. [88] Reptile species are also numerous and predominantly include skinks. Records Categories. [222] Median house prices have increased by an average of 8.6% per annum since 1970. [375] The administration of healthcare across Sydney is handled by eight local health districts: Central Coast, Illawarra Shoalhaven, Sydney, Nepean Blue Mountains, Northern Sydney, South Eastern Sydney, South Western Sydney, and Western Sydney. [351], The Royal Sydney Golf Club is based in Rose Bay and since its opening in 1893 has hosted the Australian Open on 13 occasions. The live medium lost much of its popularity to the cinema during the Great Depression before experiencing a revival after World War II. Modern and International architecture came to Sydney from the 1940s. due to the extensive number of Federation homes. These forests are defined by straight, tall tree canopies with a moist understory of soft-leaved shrubs, tree ferns and herbs. [245] The economy struggled at first due to difficulties in cultivating the land and the lack of a stable monetary system. [309][310], In 1866 then Queen Victoria gave her assent to the formation of the Royal Society of New South Wales. The most famous sports ground in Sydney is ANZ Stadium (which used to be called "Stadium Australia") because it was built for the 2000 Summer Olympics. The outer suburbs include Centennial Park and Moore Park in the east, Sydney Park and Royal National Park in the south, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park in the north, and Western Sydney Parklands in the west, which is one of the largest urban parks in the world. [317] Watkin Tench's A Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay (1789) and A Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson in New South Wales (1793) have remained the best-known accounts of life in early Sydney. The city is 1.664 square kilometers big. It offered courses in areas such as mechanical drawing, applied mathematics, steam engines, simple surgery, and English grammar. Die an Australiens Ostküste gelegene Metropole umgibt Port Jackson und erstreckt sich an ihrer Peripherie etwa 70 km in Richtung der Blue Mountains im Westen, Hawkesbury im Norden, des Royal National Park im Süden und Macarthur im Südwesten. [258] The median weekly income for the same period was $719 for individuals, $1,988 for families, and $1,750 for household. The existing Legislative Council became the upper house and a new body called the Legislative Assembly was formed to be the lower house. 22-24, 3. Foreign countries of birth with the greatest representation are Mainland China, England, India, New Zealand, Vietnam and the Philippines. [191][192] Kirribilli House, completed in 1858, and St Andrew's Cathedral, Australia's oldest cathedral,[193] are rare examples of Victorian Gothic construction. The Wianamatta shale generally comprises fine grained sedimentary rocks such as shales, mudstones, ironstones, siltstones and laminites, with less common sandstone units. Bus services today are conducted by a mixture of Government and private operators. Sydney is a city on the east coast of Australia which is the capital city of New South Wales. Since the 1970s Sydney has undergone a rapid economic and social transformation. [398] Sydney's railway was first constructed in 1854 with progressive extension to the network to serve both freight and passengers across the city, suburbs, and beyond to rural New South Wales. The … It was conceived by Jørn Utzon with contributions from Peter Hall, Lionel Todd, and David Littlemore. [35], The first people to inhabit the area now known as Sydney were indigenous Australians who had migrated from northern Australia and before that from southeast Asia. [242] The Global Economic Power Index ranks Sydney number eleven in the world. The city's two largest film festivals are Sydney Film Festival and Tropfest. [52] Part of Macquarie's effort to transform the colony was his authorisation for convicts to re-enter society as free citizens. Shows such as woodcutting and animal competitions are popular every year. The region also features Sydney Heads, a series of headlands which form the 2 km (1.2 mi) wide entrance to Sydney Harbour. [117][118] The El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Indian Ocean Dipole and the Southern Annular Mode[119][120] play an important role in determining Sydney's weather patterns: drought and bushfire on the one hand, and storms and flooding on the other, associated with the opposite phases of the oscillation. Torok, S. and Nicholls, N. 1996. [11] Penal transportation to New South Wales ended soon after Sydney was incorporated as a city in 1842. It has staged over 100,000 performances and received 100 million visitors since opening in 1973. Sydney is Australia’s largest city and its economic, industrial and tourism centre. [337] Sydney heralded Australia's first newspaper, the Sydney Gazette, published until 1842. [387][388][389] The Light Horse Interchange in western Sydney is the largest in the southern hemisphere. (1990) Taken for Granted: the Bushland of Sydney and Its Suburbs, Sydney, William, E and Airey, DW. [348] Yachting has been popular amongst wealthier residents since the 1840s and the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron was founded in 1862. [188] Greenway went on to design the Hyde Park Barracks in 1819 and the Georgian style St James's Church in 1824. [402] Bankstown Airport is Sydney's second busiest airport, and serves general aviation, charter and some scheduled cargo flights. The city is also prone to severe storms. Batt, K, 1995: Sea breezes on the NSW coast, Offshore Yachting, Oct/Nov 1995, Jamieson Publishing. The Sydney Kings compete in the National Basketball League. The flat areas of the south were the first to be developed as the city grew. Many of the convicts that survived the trip from England continued to suffer from dysentery, smallpox, scurvy, and typhoid. [44] This lack of democracy eventually became unacceptable for the colony's growing number of free settlers. Suburbs surrounding the CBD include Woolloomooloo and Potts Point to the east, Surry Hills and Darlinghurst to the south, Pyrmont and Ultimo to the west, and Millers Point and The Rocks to the north. Erfahren Sie mehr interessante Fakten über Victor Vasarely auf artnet. [222] 31.6% of dwellings in Sydney are rented, 30.4% are owned outright and 34.8% are owned with a mortgage. Australian cities are some of the most car dependent cities in the world,[410] especially by world city standards, although Sydney's is the lowest of Australia's major cities at 66%. [221] 48.9% of families are couples with children, 33.5% are couples without children, and 15.7% are single-parent families. [307] It remains Australia's oldest natural history museum. Covering 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and having an estimated resident population as at 2017 of 2,288,554, western Sydney has the most multicultural suburbs in the country. [26] Sydney makes up half of Australia's finance sector and has been promoted by consecutive Commonwealth Governments as Asia Pacific's leading financial centre. [394] It served routes covering 291 kilometres (181 miles). Sydney, city, capital of the state of New South Wales, Australia. [33] Built attractions such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the World Heritage-listed Sydney Opera House are also well known to international visitors. First played in Sydney in 1865, rugby grew to be the city's most popular football code by the 1880s. [80], Directly overlying the older Hawkesbury sandstone is the Wianamatta shale, a geological feature found in western Sydney that was deposited in connection with a large river delta during the Middle Triassic period which shifted over time from west to east. [204] Acclaimed architects such as Jean Nouvel, Harry Seidler, Richard Rogers, Renzo Piano, Norman Foster, and Frank Gehry have each made their own contribution to the city's skyline. Poor equipment and unfamiliar soils and climate continued to hamper the expansion of farming from Farm Cove to Parramatta and Toongabbie, but a building programme, assisted by convict labour, advanced steadily. [175] Established in 1799, the Old Government House, a historic house museum and tourist spot in Parramatta, was included in the Australian National Heritage List on 1 August 2007 and World Heritage List in 2010 (as part of the 11 penal sites constituting the Australian Convict Sites), making it the only site in greater western Sydney to be featured in such lists. [2], There are six public universities based in Sydney: The University of Sydney, University of New South Wales, University of Technology Sydney, Macquarie University, Western Sydney University, and Australian Catholic University. [12] In the 2016 Census, about 35.8% of residents spoke a language other than English at home. From being illegal at the beginning of the century, sea bathing gained immense popularity during the early 1900s and the first surf lifesaving club was established at Bondi Beach. [404] Since 1995, there have been significant developments in the analysis of air pollution in the Sydney metropolitan region. Temperance coffee palaces, hotels as well as other civic buildings such as libraries and museums were erected in the city. Under the reign of Queen Victoria federation of the six colonies occurred on 1 January 1901. Arndell Anglican College student Billie Jade Kinder dies in horse accident. The Upper North Shore usually refers to the suburbs between Chatswood and Hornsby. The Museum of Contemporary Art was opened in 1991 and occupies an Art Deco building in Circular Quay. [318] Since the infancy of the establishment, much of the literature set in Sydney were concerned with life in the city's slums and working-class communities, notably William Lane's The Working Man's Paradise (1892), Christina Stead's Seven Poor Men of Sydney (1934) and Ruth Park's The Harp in the South (1948). The percentage of trips taken by car has increased from 13% in 1947 to 50% in 1960 and to 70% in 1971. Find contact's direct phone number, email address, work history, and more. [279], Major developmental projects designed to increase Sydney's tourism sector include a casino and hotel at Barangaroo and the redevelopment of East Darling Harbour, which involves a new exhibition and convention centre, now Australia's largest. [221][256] The largest reported occupations are professionals, clerical and administrative workers, managers, technicians and trades workers, and community and personal service workers. Charles Sturt University and Southern Cross University, both public universities, operate secondary campuses only designated for international students. The Sydney Bears and Sydney Ice Dogs play in the Australian Ice Hockey League. Healthcare facilities remained hopelessly inadequate despite the arrival of a prefabricated hospital with the Second Fleet and the construction of brand new hospitals at Parramatta, Windsor, and Liverpool in the 1790s. Sydney's first tower was Culwulla Chambers on the corner of King Street and Castlereagh Street which topped out at 50 metres (160 feet) making 12 floors. [375] The Sydney Hospital also housed Australia's first teaching facility for nurses, the Nightingale Wing, established with the input of Florence Nightingale in 1868. Governor Lachlan Macquarie's vision for Sydney included the construction of grand public buildings and institutions fit for a colonial capital. A gold rush occurred in the colony in 1851, and over the next century, Sydney transformed from a colonial outpost into a major global cultural and economic centre. [221] Car dependency is an ongoing issue in Sydney–of people that travel to work, 58.4% use a car, 9.1% catch a train, 5.2% take a bus, and 4.1% walk. Terrace houses are found in the inner suburbs such as Paddington, The Rocks, Potts Point and Balmain–many of which have been the subject of gentrification. [291][292] The four most densely populated suburbs in Australia are located in Sydney with each having more than 13,000 residents per square kilometre (33,700 residents per square mile). [155] More than 75% of neighbourhoods in the Electoral District of Wentworth fall under the top decile of SEIFA advantage, making it the least disadvantaged area in the country. 2 RStV)Rungestr. Actual suburbs and localities that are considered to be in the Hills District can be somewhat amorphous and variable. Sydney's layout today reflects this lack of planning. Historically, rainfall has been fairly uniform throughout the year, although much recently it has been more summer-dominant. The 2000 Summer Olympics were held in Sydney and became known as the "best Olympic Games ever" by the President of the International Olympic Committee. [42] [315] Prominent theatres in the city today include State Theatre, Theatre Royal, Sydney Theatre, The Wharf Theatre, and Capitol Theatre. [43][44] This was to be the location for the new colony. Sydney Technical College was completed in 1893 using both Romanesque Revival and Queen Anne approaches. 7.8% of Sydney residents are attending primary school and 6.4% are enrolled in secondary school. [171] The greater west also includes Sydney Olympic Park, a suburb created to host the 2000 Summer Olympics, and Sydney Motorsport Park, a motorsport circuit located in Eastern Creek. Randwick's 'Collaboration Area' has a baseline estimate of 32,000 jobs by 2036, according to the Greater Sydney Commission.[159]. Obyvatelé Sydney nemají v češtině jednoslovné pojmenování. The Australian Bureau of Statistics has stated that most who nominate "Australian" as their ancestry are part of the, Of any ancestry. The earliest Europeans to visit the area noted that the indigenous people were conducting activities such as camping and fishing, using trees for bark and food, collecting shells, and cooking fish. [29], Sydney has hosted major international sporting events such as the 2000 Summer Olympics. [128], In spring and summer, black nor'easters are usually the cause of heavy rain events, though other forms of low-pressure areas may also bring heavy deluge and afternoon thunderstorms. Sydney Opera House The opera of Sydney is called as one of the most popular modern buildings of the 20th century. ", "Feature Article – Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Australia (Feature Article)", https://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/1GSYD?opendocument, http://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/UCL101001?opendocument, "Tokyo ranks as the world's safest city for the third time", "Bars, clubs celebrate as Sydney's lockout laws get lifted", "Review: Down in the City by Elizabeth Harrower", "Australian pride is its 'new wave' of films", "Where to party in Australia on New Year's Eve", "Breaking: news and hearts at the Herald", "Major players maintain leading shares in second radio ratings survey of 2010", "Responsible government and colonial development", "List of selective and agricultural high schools", "Sydney is Australia's most valuable location, but public transport is its weakness", "Light Rail Patronage – Monthly Comparison", "CBD and South East Light Rail contract awarded with earlier delivery date", "Transport minister Andrew Constance says new Sydney Metro train line a 'massive city shaping project, "New metro train stations in Sydney could be built in Crows Nest or St Leonards and Artarmon by 2024", "Tony Abbott confirms Badgerys Creek as site of second Sydney airport", "Look who's polluting: Sydney Water's shame", "Air Pollution in Sydney: An Update Briefing Paper", "Sydney smoke haze reaches 11 times the hazardous level", "Sydney smoke: bushfires haze smothers landmarks – in pictures", "Bushfire smoke makes Sydney air quality worse than Delhi", "Sydney fire haze equal to 'smoking 32 cigarettes, "Car dependence in Australian cities: a discussion of causes, environmental impact and possible solutions", "CBDs turning into no-car zones as the great divide grows", "City clears the way on pollution-free car fleet", "Sydney Becomes Australia's First Carbon-Neutral Government Body", "It's official, Sydney is first carbon neutral council", "Building owners applaud city's ambitious master plan", "Sydney businesses cotton on: climate change action is good for the bottom line", "City of Sydney extends solar roll out to historic Rocks", "Sydney Central Park project shows sustainable living", Dictionary of Sydney – the history of Sydney, Understanding Society Through its Records – John Curtin Library, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney&oldid=1017178245, Geographic Names Register of NSW different from Wikidata, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 11 April 2021, at 08:47. Our Kinder Programs at Sydney Gymnastic Centre (SGC) run classes catering to children 12 months and over. [201] It was built on the site of the Sydney Central Markets and accommodates 200 shops across its three storeys.[202]. [221] 11.8% of mortgagees in 2011 had monthly loan repayments of less than $1,000 and 82.9% had monthly repayments of $1,000 or more. [85] The plants in this community tend to have rough and spiky leaves, as they're grown in areas with low soil fertility. Wolseley Road, in Point Piper, has a top price of $20,900 per square metre, making it the ninth-most expensive street in the world. The City of Sydney became the first council in Australia to achieve formal certification as carbon-neutral in 2008.
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