For example, an EU law on how to treat urban waste can be adopted in the Council by a majority vote. A system of proportional representation is used to elect MEPs in all The 751 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) represent over 500 million citizens. The European Commission is the 'executive body' of the EU. European Union citizens aged 18 or over on polling day and who are enrolled on the voting register in Finland and whose municipality of residence, as defined by law, is in Finland on the 51st day before election day, unless he/she has lost the right to vote in the Member State whose citizen he/she is. The Court is based in Luxembourg and consists of one judge per EU country. It has 751 MEPs but this number will be reduced, because of Brexit, to 705. In 2009, the overall turnout was at 43%, down from 45.5% in 2004. There is one commissioner from each EU country. 25 extra MEPs would be added on a transnational European list with its candidates being selected by the European party groups rather than national member parties. That may sound like a lot, but it is in fact fewer than the number of staff employed by most large city councils in Europe. High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission, President of the European Council from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022. The citizens of Greece and Greeks who have reached their seventeenth (17th) year of age have the right to vote.», Type of election in which the citizens of a Member State of the European Union elect the delegations of Members of the European Parliament, Percentage turnout of registered voters in previous elections, European Parliament election, 1979 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 1984 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 1989 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 1994 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 1999 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 2004 - Statistics, European Parliament election, 1979 - Delegation at 17 July 1979, European Parliament election, 1984 - Delegation at 23 July 1984, European Parliament election, 1989 - Delegation at 25 July 1989, European Parliament election, 1994 - Delegation at 19 July 1994, European Parliament election, 1999 - Delegation at 20 July 1999, European Parliament election, 2004 - Delegation at 20 July 2004. Second, the Commission President and the Commissioners are indirectly elected. European Union law is a system of rules operating within the member states of the European Union.Since the founding of the Coal and Steel Community after World War II, the EU has developed the aim to "promote peace, its values and the well-being of its peoples". These give you the chance to discuss European issues with commissioners and other high-level representatives. The Council of the EU then has to approve legislation for it to become law. [31] However the fractious nature of the other political parties led to no other candidates, the People's Party only mentioned four or five people they'd like to be President. Since the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU in 2020, the number of MEPs, including the president, has been 705. The United Kingdom, historically up until its exit from the Union, was split into. But there are opportunities for direct citizen involvement in EU matters. European Union citizens aged 21 or over on polling day and resident in Poland or the European Union for at least 5 years, were never sentenced for a crime committed consciously or accused by a prosecutor. European Journal of The European Council brings together the presidents or prime ministers of the EU countries. In this chapter you will get a short overview of the structure of the EU. The EU Council, which represents the Member States, elects every 6 month its president, respecting a rotation of States. Commissioners do not represent the views of their country of origin but rather the common interest of the EU. In these elections, EU citizens choose who will represent their interests in the European Parliament. In Spain v United Kingdom, the European Court of Justice held that member states are permitted to extend the franchise to non-EU citizens.[39]. 9/28.01.2011", Act to Amend and Supplement the Election Code (2011), "Act to Amend and Supplement the Election Code (2011)", "Republic of Croatia European Parliamentary Elections Act, Article 4 (Zakon o izborima zastupnika iz RH u Europski parlament, Članak 4)", "Republic of Croatia European Parliamentary Elections Act, Article 5 (Zakon o izborima zastupnika iz RH u Europski parlament, Članak 5)", "Information for citizens of other EU member states on voting in the European Parliament elections in the Czech Republic - Ministry of the interior of the Czech Republic", "European Parliament elections - valg.sum.dk", "Right to Vote and Compilation of the Voting Rights", "Eligibility and Nomination of Candidates", "Service-Public.fr (Élections : Français domicilié à l'étranger)", "Élections : droit de vote d'un citoyen européen - Service-public.fr", "Greek MPs approve end to bonus seats, lower voting age", "Ministry of Interior - Information for Greek residents abroad", "Hellenic Republic Ministry of the Interior: EU Citizens", "Citizens Information: Voting in a European election", "ELEZIONE DEI MEMBRI DEL PARLAMENTO EUROPEO SPETTANTI ALL'ITALIA", "Conditions de l'électorat - Site officiel des élections au Grand-Duché du Luxembourg - Mode d'emploi", "S'inscrire sur les listes électorales pour les élections européennes - guichet.lu // Luxembourg - Participation aux élections européennes", "Etre candidat aux élections européennes", "Lei Eleitoral para o Parlamento Europeu (Lei nº 14/87, de 29 Abril), Artigo 3º", "Comissão Nacional de Eleições: FAQ - Eleição para o Parlamento Europeu", "Perguntas Frequentes: Candidatura - Comissão Nacional de Eleições", "Elections to the European Parliament of June 2009", Valmyndigheten: Suffrage and electoral rolls, Section devoted to the 2009 election on the European Parliament website, The European Parliament and Supranational Party System (Cambridge University Press 2002), Archive of European Integration (AEI) > Institutional Administration, Developments & Reform > Parliament > Elections, European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002), European Economic Community (1958–1993/2009), Mechanism for Cooperation and Verification, Cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, Largest cities by population within city limits, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elections_to_the_European_Parliament&oldid=1013162648, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from April 2019, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, West Germany 35, Belgium 7, Denmark 4, France 22, Ireland 4, Italy 13, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 9, UK 18, West Germany 42, Belgium 10, France 8, Ireland 4, Italy 30, Luxembourg 3, Netherlands 10, West Germany 4, Belgium 4, Denmark 3, France 17, Ireland 1, Italy 5, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 4, West Germany 33, Belgium 7, Denmark 4, France 20, Italy 12, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 9, UK 33, Greece 10, West Germany 41, Belgium 6, Denmark 1, France 9, Ireland 6, Italy 27, Luxembourg 3, Netherlands 8, Greece 9, Belgium 5, Denmark 2, France 12, Ireland 1, Italy 5, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 5, West Germany 7, Belgium 4, Denmark 4, Italy 3, Netherlands 2, West Germany 31, Belgium 8, Denmark 4, France 22, Ireland 1, Italy 14, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 8, UK 46, Greece 9, Spain 27, Portugal 8, West Germany 32, Belgium 7, Denmark 2, France 6, Ireland 4, Italy 27, Luxembourg 3, Netherlands 10, UK 1, Greece 10, Spain 16, Portugal 3, West Germany 4, Belgium 4, Denmark 3, France 13, Ireland 2, Italy 3, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 4, Spain 6, Portugal 9, Denmark 1, France 7, Ireland 1, Italy 22, Greece 4, Spain 4, Portugal 3, West Germany 8, Belgium 3, France 8, Italy 7, Netherlands 2, Spain 1, Portugal 1, Belgium 1, Denmark 4, France 1, Ireland 1, Italy 3, UK 1, Spain 2, France 1, Italy 5, Netherlands 1, UK 1, Spain 4, Germany 40, Belgium 6, Denmark 3, France 15, Ireland 1, Italy 18, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 8, UK 63, Greece 10, Spain 22, Portugal 10, Germany 47, Belgium 7, Denmark 3, France 13, Ireland 4, Italy 12, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 10, UK 19, Greece 9, Spain 30, Portugal 1, Belgium 6, Denmark 5, France 1, Ireland 1, Italy 7, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 10, UK 2, Spain 2, Portugal 8, France 7, Italy 5, Greece 4, Spain 9, Portugal 3, France 14, Ireland 7, Greece 2, Portugal 3, Germany 12, Belgium 2, Denmark 1, Ireland 2, Italy 4, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 1, Belgium 1, France 13, Italy 2, UK 2, Spain 1, Germany 53, Belgium 5, Denmark 1, France 21, Ireland 5, Italy 34, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 9, UK 37, Greece 9, Spain 29, Portugal 9, Austria 7, Finland 5, Sweden 5, Germany 33, Belgium 5, Denmark 3, France 22, Ireland 1, Italy 17, Luxembourg 2, Netherlands 6, UK 30, Greece 9, Spain 24, Portugal 12, Austria 7, Finland 3, Sweden 6, Belgium 5, Denmark 6, Ireland 1, Italy 7, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 8, UK 10, Spain 3, Finland 5, Sweden 4, Germany 7, Belgium 7, France 9, Ireland 2, Italy 2, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 4, UK 6, Spain 4, Austria 2, Finland 2, Sweden 2, Germany 6, Denmark 1, France 11, Italy 6, Netherlands 1, Greece 7, Spain 4, Portugal 2, Finland 1, Sweden 3, Denmark 1, France 13, Ireland 6, Italy 9, Portugal 2, Belgium 2, France 5, Italy 12, UK 1, Spain 1, Austria 5, Germany 49, Belgium 6, Denmark 1, France 17, Ireland 5, Italy 24, Luxembourg 3, Netherlands 7, UK 28, Greece 11, Spain 24, Portugal 9, Austria 6, Finland 4, Sweden 5, Cyprus 3, Estonia 1, Hungary 13, Latvia 3, Lithuania 2, Malta 2, Poland 19, Czech Republic 14, Slovakia 8, Slovenia 4, Germany 23, Belgium 7, Denmark 5, France 31, Ireland 1, Italy 16, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 7, UK 19, Greece 8, Spain 24, Portugal 12, Austria 7, Finland 3, Sweden 5, Estonia 3, Hungary 9, Lithuania 2, Malta 3, Poland 8, Czech Republic 2, Slovakia 3, Slovenia 1, Germany 7, Belgium 6, Denmark 4, France 11, Ireland 1, Italy 12, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 5, UK 12, Spain 2, Finland 5, Sweden 3, Cyprus 1, Estonia 2, Hungary 2, Latvia 1, Lithuania 7, Poland 4, Slovenia 2, Germany 13, Belgium 2, Denmark 1, France 6, Italy 2, Luxembourg 1, Netherlands 4, UK 5, Spain 3, Austria 2, Finland 1, Sweden 1, Latvia 1, Germany 7, Denmark 1, France 3, Ireland 1, Italy 7, Netherlands 2, UK 1, Greece 4, Spain 1, Portugal 3, Finland 1, Sweden 2, Cyprus 2, Czech Republic 6, Denmark 1, France 3, Ireland 1, Italy 4, Netherlands 2, UK 11, Greece 1, Sweden 3, Poland 10, Czech Republic 1, Belgium 3, France 7, Italy 4, UK 2, Austria 3, Poland 6, Czech Republic 1, Slovakia 3, Denmark 1, Ireland 4, Italy 9, Latvia 4, Lithuania 2, Poland 7. [20][34] The European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party have already indicated, in their October 2007 congress, their intention for forward a candidate for the post as part of a common campaign. The European Council, which is essentially the EU’s chief executive body, comprises the 28 member countries’ leaders, all democratically elected. ", "The EP elections: Deepening the democratic deficit", "Resolution ELDR Congress in Berlin 18–19 October 2007", "Socialists want US-style primaries for commission president candidate", "Barroso admits legitimacy problem for commission president post", EP president suggests election of future EU commissioners, "Judgment of the European Court of Justice of 12 September 2006, Case C-145/04, Kingdom of Spain v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", "Les conditions d'électorat pour les différentes élections - Elections européennes et régionales 2009", "Le droit de vote des Belges résidant dans l'Union européenne et des citoyens européens résidant en Belgique, pour l'élection du Parlement Européen - Elections européennes et r", "L'obligation de vote - Elections européennes et régionales 2009", "La candidature pour les différentes élections - Elections européennes et régionales 2009", "ELECTION CODE Promulgated, State Gazette No. European Union citizens aged 18 or over on polling day resident in Germany, if they are resident in member states of the European Union for at least three months. Thursday 10 June: Netherlands, United Kingdom, Denmark, Sunday 13 June: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Member state subdivided into multiple constituencies: Belgium (3), Ireland (4), Italy (5), United Kingdom (12), Mixture: Germany (candidate lists at Länder or national level), Finland (candidate lists at electoral district or national level), Member state as single constituency: the rest. Because the Member States want to keep strict control of the EU. Europarties have the exclusive right to campaign for the European elections; their parliamentary groups are strictly forbidden to campaign and to spend funds on any campaign-related activity. A person who has been divested of their active legal capacity with regard to the right to vote and a person who has been convicted of a crime and is serving sentence in a penal institution, cannot vote. The president is nominated by the European Council and is formally elected for 5 years by the European Parliament. However, the comparison with the US voter turnout is hampered due to the fact that the US President is elected in separate and direct elections (presidential system), whereas the President of the European Commission is elected by the European Parliament (parliamentary system), giving the European Parliament elections considerable weight. [4] While European political parties have the right to campaign EU-wide for the European elections,[5] campaigns still take place through national election campaigns, advertising national delegates from national parties. For the 2014 EP election, Europarties decided to put forward a candidate for President of the European Commission. [35] They failed to do so however the European People's Party did select Barroso as their candidate and, as the largest party, Barroso's term was renewed. [17][18] German MEP Jo Leinen has suggested that EU parties name their top candidate for the position of President of the European Commission in order to increase turnout. So let’s see. Likewise, individual EU countries do not always apply EU laws correctly. The European Council sets the EU's main priorities and overall policy directions. European Union citizens resident in the Netherlands, aged 18 or over on polling day and not deprived of the right to stand in their home country. Greek citizens aged 17 or over on polling day who are resident in another EU member state, registered in the electoral roll in a Greek municipality or community and have submitted an application to vote overseas to the Greek embassy or consulate in their country of residence, European Union citizens aged 17 or over on polling day, resident in Greece and registered in the electoral roll. In this case, the Commission or another EU country can bring the matter before the Court. The Commission's proposals are scrutinised in detail by the European Parliament and the Council. Members may not belong to more than one political group; some do not belong to any political group and are known as non-attached members. There are plans to strengthen the European political parties[21] in order for them to propose candidates for the 2009 election. Test yourself below. [19][20][21] This happened for the 2014 election, with EPP candidate Jean Claude Juncker ultimately selected, after the EPP won the most seats overall. The European Parliament is a unique multinational parliamentary assembly elected directly by the citizens. They have agreed to keep unanimous voting in some sensitive areas. Turnout had constantly fallen in every EU election from 1979 until 2014. Without the Council and without the ministers from all EU countries, nothing can get done in the European Union. Το δικαίωμα του εκλέγειν έχουν οι πολίτες Έλληνες και Ελληνίδες που συμπλήρωσαν το δέκατο όγδοο έτος της ηλικίας τους. Each minister casts one vote: s/he can vote for or against a proposal, or abstain. Therefore, following the victory of the European People's Party in the 2014 EP election, its lead candidate Jean-Claude Juncker[12] was elected President of the European Commission. For instance, a European party can buy unlimited advertising airtime in Estonia while it is barred from any form of paid advertising in Sweden.[11]. Belgian citizens aged 18 or over on polling day resident outside Belgium, who have sent an application to vote to the Belgian diplomatic or consular post in their country of residence. If a national court is in doubt about the interpretation of an EU law, it can ask the Court of Justice for clarification. In 2019, they took place from 23 to 26 May. There is however a great variety of electoral procedures: some countries use a highest averages method of proportional representation, some use the largest remainder method, some open lists and others closed. Luxembourgish citizens aged 18 or over on polling day and resident in Luxembourg. [13] MEPs that are not members of groups are known as non-inscrits. In the last 60 years, EU countries have drawn up many EU laws together. [38], Each Member State has different rules determining who can vote for and run as the European Parliamentary candidates. Currently, it is Austria. If the focus is on unemployment, then ministers responsible for employment and social affairs will gather. If the Parliament and the Council cannot agree on a piece of legislation, there will be no new law. European Union citizens who are entitled to vote. Second, the European Parliament is composed of representatives—known as members of the European Parliament, or MEPs—who are directly elected by the citizens of each EU member state. But the number of citizens represented varies according to the size of the country. There are numerous other groups, including communists, greens, regionalists, conservatives, liberals and eurosceptics. But there are opportunities for direct citizen involvement in EU matters. There are approximately 33 000 people working for the Commission. Η παρ. It is therefore possible for a person to have the choice of voting in more than one EU member state. Who or what exactly is 'Brussels'? What happened? Maltese citizens aged 18 or over on polling day. European Union citizens aged 18 or over on polling day who are registered in the register of citizens for at least 45 days before polling day, unless a statutory limitation is imposed for reasons of protection of health or withdrawal or legal capacity. The European Union has a multi-party system involving a number of ideologically diverse Europarties. This was partly put into practice in 2004 when the European Council selected a candidate from the political party that won that year's election. In addition, the right to vote is included in Articles 20(1) and 22(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The Parliament elects the President of the European Commission and approves the 27 members of the Commission as a body. are registered to vote in their home municipality. Imagine that your class has collected money for a school trip and that you now need to agree on a destination. The draft laws are available on the EU website. As a European citizen, you can influence EU policies in several ways. European Union citizens who are ordinarily resident in the Republic of Ireland on 1 September in the year before the Register of Electors comes into force. The EU Council, which represents the Member States, elects every 6 month its president, respecting a rotation of States. This was taken as the parliament's cue to have its parties run with candidates for the President of the European Commission with the candidate of the winning party being proposed by the Council.[31]. Under Article 17 of the EU treaty, as amended by the Lisbon Treaty, the Commission President is formally proposed by the European Council (the 28 heads of government of the EU member states), by a qualified-majority vote, and is then ‘elected’ by a majority vote in the European Parliament. European Parliament elections take place within a 4-day period, normally in June, all over the European Union. They are also appointed for 5 years after having been proposed by their government and approved by the European Parliament. The European Parliament is the voice of the citizens. The Parliament takes decisions on European laws jointly with the Council. The work of the Council is led by each EU country in turn for a period of 6 months. Fourthly, you can have your say about what is happening in the European Union during the many citizens' dialogues that take place across the EU. [22], Legend: Socialist (PES/S&D) – Liberal (ELDR/ALDE) – People's (EPP/EPP-ED), As of 2011 reforms by Liberal Democrat MEP Andrew Duff are being considered by Parliament, which are seen as the most significant overhaul of the electoral system since elections began. Austrian citizens who are aged 16 or over on polling day, resident abroad, and have submitted a notification to be listed in the electoral register of the Austrian commune they were a resident of. 3–45. Were you able to agree on the proposed destination? Seven EU member states – including Great Britain – decided to elect their MEPs with a ‘closed’ list system. The European Parliament is the voice of the citizens. The main meetings of the Parliament, also known as 'plenary sessions', take place in Strasbourg, France, 12 times a year, and in Brussels, Belgium, up to six times a year. Yes, EU citizens residing in Germany can take part in European elections in Germany if on election day, they are aged 18 or over. You can visit the EU institutions, including the European Parliament, the Council, the European Council and the European Commission. As an example, you can read about the Parliament's resolution to reduce plastic bag use in Europe here. Easy. European Parliament elections take place within a 4-day period, normally in June, all over the European Union. For example, a Portuguese citizen who studies at university in France and lives at home outside term-time in the family home in the Netherlands has the option of voting in the European Parliamentary election in France, Portugal or the Netherlands. No other EU institution is directly elected, with the Council of the European Union and the European Council being only indirectly legitimated through national elections. Commission officials â like the staff of other EU institutions â are recruited via the European Personnel Selection Office: epso.europa.eu. European Union citizens aged 18 or over on polling day and resident in Luxembourg for at least 5 years. Citizens … Your representatives work with Members of the European Parliament from other EU countries in political groups. One million people, or just 0.2 % of the EU population, from at least seven EU countries are needed to launch a European citizens' initiative. This is why a 'double majority' (also called 'qualified majority') is required to adopt a decision: 55 % of the EU countries must vote in favour and must also represent at least 65 % of the EU population. The Parliament is directly elected by EU citizens every five years. They meet at least four times per year. 26/2012 «Κωδικοποίηση σε ενιαίο κείμενο των διατάξεων της νομοθεσίας για την εκλογή βουλευτών» (Α΄ 57). [30], The third Delors Commission had a short mandate, to bring the terms of the Commission in line with that of the Parliament. The electoral area may be subdivided if this will not generally affect the proportional nature of the electoral system. As no one Europarty has ever gained power alone, their affiliated parliamentary groups must work with each other to pass legislation. Representatives of the European Commission are there to listen and talk to you in your own EU country. Campaign activities differ per country since national elections for European Parliament representatives are governed by national laws. Once you graduate from university, you can apply for an EU traineeship. The European Commission is made up of 27 members â one president and 26 commissioners (including the vice-presidents). It represents the citizens of the EU countries and its members are directly elected by those citizens every 5 years. In Britain the turnout was just 34.3%, down from 38% in 2004. Find out more here. A member of Dáil Eireann (a Teachta Dála, or TD) An outgoing member of the Seanad. European Union citizens aged 21 or over on polling day who speak French, Dutch or German. EU citizens are then eligible to vote for the duration of their stay in that country. They form the two largest groups, (called EPP and S&D respectively) along with other smaller parties. Discuss your thoughts about this with the group. Framework for the Analysis of European Election Results’. In little groups, make a list of the five main topics that you would like her/him to defend in the European Parliament. Finally, EU citizens can launch or support a European citizens' initiative.
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