Muhajirs (meaning "migrants") are also called "Urdu-speaking people." Pakistan has been ruled by several dynasties and empires including Mauryan, Achaemenid, Mongol, Mughal, and Delhi Sultanate. This has resulted in the Arab and Uzbek ethnic groups now … Pakistanis (Urdu: پاكِستانى قوم , romanized: pákistáni qaum) are citizens of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.Pakistan is a multi-ethnic and multilingual state: most of its people speak languages of the Indo-Aryan and Iranian language groups. [6][13][14], The Baloch as an Iranic ethnic lingusitc group, are principally found in the east of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Ethnic groups in Pakistan are divided into three major parts i.e Religion based, Caste based, and Language/Culture based. Punjabis account for 44 percent of the population, control the best farmland, and have full access to education and the nation’s cultural and scientific institutions, especially in Lahore. Pashtunwali code defines the culture of the Pashtun and involves a self-governing tribal system that controls all aspects of the group. 7.7 percent as muhajirs, 4.3 percent as Baloch, and 3 percent as members of other ethnic groups. On this map, both the Baloch and Pashtun ethnolinguistic groups straddle the 2640-kilometer (1640-mile) border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, known as the Durand Line.. The main differences between the 2001 and 2011 Census ethnic groups are: the Chinese ethnic group moved from the ‘Other’ ethnic group (in 2001) to the ‘Asian’ ethnic group (in 2011) An ethnic group or ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups such as a common set of traditions, ancestry, language, history, society, culture, nation, religion or social treatment within their residing area. Guests seeking help from Pashtuns are highly regarded and treated with dignity and respect. Punjabi people are tolerant of several religions. [34][35] The Brahuis are almost entirely Sunni Muslims. Social structure, ideology and language: caste among Muslims. Main minorities and indigenous peoples: Ethnic minorities include Sindhis (14.1 per cent), Pashtuns or Pakhtuns (15.42 per cent, 2006 Census of Afghans in Pakistan), Mohajirs (7.57 per cent), Baluchis (3.57 per cent).. The smaller groups include the Saraikis, Muhajirs, and Balochis, which make up 8%, 8%, and 4% respectively. Most believe that the large majority of Pakistanis belong to the Indo-Aryan ethnic group. The group belongs to the Indo-Aryan ethnic group. There are a substantial number of Iranic p… Types Of Crimes By Number Of Offenses In The US, The 10 Biggest Shopping Malls In The World. Most Muslim politicians of the pre-independence era who supported the Pakistan movement were Urdu speakers. Socio-Economic Baseline Survey for a Pilot Project on Water Users Organizations in the Hakra 4-R Distributary Command Area, Punjab. A large portion of people in Punjab are not Punjabi speaking. Notable Pashtuns include former president Ayub Khan, incumbent prime minister Imran Khan, cricketers Shahid Afridi and Shaheen Afridi, actor Fawad Khan and Nobel Laureate Malala Yousafzai. Pakistan's diversity is more visible along cultural differences, lingusitic and genetic lines. Punjabi identity is traditionally cultural, linguistic and geographical and is independent of historical religion and origin. The Muslims had a great influence on the Hindu who initially resided in the region. Notable Punjabi-Pakistanis include Nobel laureate Abdus Salam, cricketer Wasim Akram and economist Mahbub al Haq. The largest ethnic group in Pakistan consists of those of Punjabi ethnicity, while Pashtuns and Sindhis are the second and third largest ethnic groups in the country, respectively. Sindhis are predominantly Muslim. Punjabis are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group and they are the largest ethnic group in Pakistan by population, numbering approximately 110 million people and thus consisting of 50.0% of Pakistan's total population of 220 million in 2020. The major ethnic groups of Pakistan include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Baloch, Paharis, Hindkowans and other smaller groups. According to the 2017 Census, the estimated population of Pakistan was over 212,000,000 making it the world's fifth most-populous country. [11][12] The majority of Muhajirs are settled in Sindh mainly in Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur and Mirpur Khas. There is a special mixed ethnic group between the Punjabi ethnicity and the Sindhi ethnicity, and this group makes up about 10 percent of the entire Pakistani population. Karachi's inhabitants, locally known as Karachiites, are composed of ethno-linguistic groups from all parts of Pakistan, as well as migrants from South Asia, making the city's population a diverse melting pot. Sindhi are natives to the Sindh Province of Pakistan. There are also ethnic Kashmiri populations inhabiting Neelam Valley and Leepa Valley of Azad Kashmir. Pakistan is the world’s sixth most populous country with a population of over 201 million inhabitants. Muhajirs are a collective multiethnic group who emerged through the migration of Indian Muslims from various parts of India to Pakistan starting in 1947, as a result of the world's largest mass migration. [8], The Hazara people, natives to the present day Hazarajat (Hazaristan), are a Persian-speaking people mostly residing in all Pakistan and specially in Quetta. The border was established in 1893 via an agreement between Abdur Rahman Khan, the emir (or ruler) of Afghanistan, and Sir Mortimer Durand, foreign secretary of the British Raj. The activities of these groups have had varying impact on the political history of Pakistan. According to Professor Baloch, the climate of Balochistan was very cold and the region was uninhabitable during the winter so the Baloch people migrated in waves and settled in Sindh and Punjab. [31][32], The Brahui or Brahvi people are a Pakistani ethnic group of about 2.2 million people with the vast majority found in Balochistan, Pakistan. [40] The culture comprises of poetry, spirituality, weaponry, music, cuisine, language, history, and values. Muhajirs held a dominating position during the early nation building years of Pakistan. Saraiki people practice several religions but the majority is Muslims with Christian minority. The population comprises several main ethnic groups (2009): Punjabis (40.20%) 70.7 million Pashtuns (19.80%) 35.2 million Sindhis (14.1%) 24.8 million Seraikis (10.53%) 14.8 million Muhajirs (7.57%) 13.3 million Balochs is (3.57%) 6.3 million Others (4.66%) 11.1 million The small ethno-linguistic groups settled in Karachi are being assimilated in the Urdu-speaking community. Traditionally, a Pashtun must be a Muslim and adhere to Pashtunwali code thus only those with Pashtun fathers qualify also to be a Pashtun. The Punjabis found in Pakistan belong to groups known as biradaris (literally 'brotherhood'), with further divisions between the zamindar or qoums, traditionally associated with agriculture, and moeens, traditionally associated with artisanry. Surnames used by Kashmiris living in Punjab include Dar (Dhar), Butt (Bhat), lone, Mir, Khuwaja (a term used by converts just like sheikh), Wain (Wani), Sheikh (Saprus), etc. Sindhis’ culture is heavily influenced by Islam especially the traditional first names. Genetically, the Hazara are a mixture of Turko-Mongols and Iranian-speaking peoples, and those of Middle East and Central Asia. About 98% of languages spoken in Pakistan are Indo-Iranian (sub-branches: 75% Indo-Aryan and 20% pure Iranian), a branch of Indo-European family of languages. Ethnicities from neighbouring regions such as Kashmiris, Pashtuns and Baluchis also form a sizeable portion of the population of Punjab, especially in metropolises such as Lahore, Rawalpindi, Sialkot and Faisalabad. However, Muslims and Hindus form the religious majority among the Punjabi. Smaller Kashmiri communities also live in other regions of the Jammu and Kashmir territory. groups on the other.13 With the creation of Pakistan and the merging of these groups into a single polity, the groups’ demands for territorial independence transformed into agitation for regional political autonomy within the new nation-state. This ethnic group forms 8.4% of the Pakistani population although the majority of Saraiki are counted among the Punjabi groups. Page 1 of 50 - About 500 Essays Gender Roles In Amir And Hassan's The Kite Runner. This ethnic group forms 15.4% of the Pakistani population. So, an ethnic group is a group of people who have a common characteristic in terms of language, region, culture, ansestors, religion etc. Ethnic groups in Pakistan; Ethnic groups in Pakistan. They speak Pashto as their first language and are divided into multiple tribes such as Afridi and Yousafzai and Khattak, which are notably the main Pashtun tribes in Pakistan. They constitute a significant diaspora community in the cities of Lahore, Punjab and Karachi, Sindh and are also a major ethnic group among the 1.7 million Afghan refugees and asylum-seekers in Pakistan. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "UNHCR welcomes new government policy for Afghans in Pakistan", Pakistan Index: Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security, "The Hidden Story of Partition and its Legacies", "The evolution of Mohajir politics and identity", "Balochi and the Concept of North-Western Iranian", "The 'Little Ice Age': re-evaluation of an evolving concept", "1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance - AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science", From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh, "A Demographic Profile of the People of Jammu and Kashmir", "Jammu and Kashmir Burushaski : Language, Language Contact, and Change", "Hunza: A Paradise Of High Literacy And Gender Equality In A Remote Corner Of Pakistan", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan&oldid=1017124423, Articles with dead external links from September 2017, Articles that may contain original research from September 2016, All articles that may contain original research, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 April 2021, at 23:44. 16 Conscious of the risk of reifying ethnic groups as homogeneous givens, both Ayres and Siddiqui attempt to grasp internal differentiations. Sikhism and Christianity are also practiced in the area. [33] They mainly occupy the area in Balochistan from Bolan Pass through the Bolan Hills to Ras Muari (Cape Monze) on the Arabian sea, separating the Baloch people living to the east and west. Punjabis. Ethnics Groups in Pakistan. Punjabi people are the ethnic majority in the Punjab region of Pakistan and Northern India accounting for 44.7% of the population in Pakistan. [39] They are predominantly Muslims. This scene would be affected immeasurably if Hassan were to be a Pashtun. They are native to the region known as Pashtunistan, an area west of the Indus River including the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and northern Balochistan, southern and eastern Afghanistan. The next largest groups are the Pashtuns, making up 15% of the population, and Sindhis, which make up 14% of the total population. [24], Kashmiri are a Dardic (subgrouping of Indo-Aryan) ethnic group native to the Kashmir Valley and Azad Kashmir. Punjabi culture is that of the Punjab region, one of the oldest cultures in the world. This ethnic group forms 14.1% of Pakistan’s population. [30] Many ethnic Kashmiri Muslims from the Kashmir Valley also migrated to the Punjab region during Dogra and Sikh rule and adopted the Punjabi language. The Hunza's are predominantly Shia Muslims, with many of them Ismaili. Some zamindars are further divided into castes such as Rajput, Jat, Shaikh, Gujjar, Awan, Arain and Syed. They have a population that consists of nearly four million people and they form 2% of Pakistan entire population. One significant population of Kashmiris is in the Chenab valley region, which comprises the Doda, Ramban and Kishtwar districts of Jammu. Wikipedia Pakistan has six major ethnic groups and other ethnic minorities. Punjab is the largest province population wise but has more Balochis than they are in Balochistan. The majority of Kashmiri Muslims are Sunni. Answers will vary! Pashtun are tribal people, with their own culture and values they follow (Pashtunwali)and a deep rich history linked to rulers. After Pakistan independence in 1947, most of the Sindhis migrated to India living a few of the group behind. 1. How Many Serial Killers Are Active In The UK Now? Some are citizens of Pakistan while others are refugees. [26][27][28][29] Presently, the Kashmiri Muslim population is predominantly found in Kashmir Valley. 14 While these ethnic movements had their roots [4][5][6] The Pakistani Punjab is relatively religiously homogenous, with 97% of the population adhering to Islam (with small Hindu, Sikh and Christian minorities). They are a small minority group in Afghanistan, where they are native, but they are also found through their diaspora in Middle Eastern states. Their language, Burushki, has not been shown to be related to any other language. There has been a debate as to who qualifies to be Pashtun but the widely agreed view is that Pashtuns are Eastern Iranian people who speak Pashto as their first language. Since its birth, Pakistan has been home to various multi-ethnic societies and groups in all its provinces. [41], Overview of the ethnic groups of Pakistan. Pakistan - Pakistan - People: The area currently occupied by Pakistan has long been a route of military conquest and an entrepôt for peoples and cultures. Jamaat-ul-Ahrar (JuA) has killed hundreds of people in bomb attacks and is considered one of the most dangerous militant groups in the nuclear-armed South Asian nation. Sizable communities of Muhajirs are also present in cities including Lahore, Multan, Islamabad, and Peshawar. Punjabis are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group and they are the largest ethnic group in … well. There is an uneven distribution of power and resources among the political and ethnic groups in Pakistan. Pakistan is located in southern Asia, and is surrounded by India, Iran, Afghanistan, and China. 2897-2900. Pashtuns are the ethnic Afghans, and are the majority group in Afghanistan. Others like the Mochis, Nais, Telis, Tarkhans, Mistry and Kumars have joined the Mughals, Abbassis, Quershis and Sayeds. It is therefore a significant cultural and ethnic melting pot. Kashmiri Muslims are descended from Kashmiri Hindus and are also known as 'Sheikhs'. The Hunzakuts or Hunza people, are an ethnically Burusho people indigenous to the Hunza Valley, in the Karakorum Mountains of northern Pakistan. How Many Serial Killers Are On The Loose Today? [36], Hindkowans are a Hindko speaking people, they live mainly in the Hazara division and the Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and there is also a large population of Hindkowans that can be found in the Pothohar Region of Punjab and Azad Kashmir in Pakistan. The Sindhis in Pakistan are mainly Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs. and Bandaragoda, D.J., 1997. There has been a debate as to who qualifies to be Pashtun but the widely agreed view is that Pashtuns are Eastern Iranian people who speak Pashto as their first language. Kashmiri language, or Kashur, belongs to the Dardic group and is the most widely spoken Dardic language. Some organisations, such as the NHS, still use the ethnic groups from the 2001 Census when recording people's ethnicity. They constitute a variety of races and ethnic groups, although largely of Caucasoid stock. The major ethnic groups of Pakistan include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Baloch, Paharis, Hindkowans, Rajputs, Mirpuri and other smaller groups. The entire wiki with photo and video galleries for each article Distribution of Resources and Power among Ethnic Groups and Political Parties. They are descended from inhabitants of the former principality of Hunza. Pakistan's ethnic diversity is obvious and yet accurate numbers have been elusive. Modern Pakistan’s population can be divided broadly into five major and several minor ethnic groups. A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration.A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline Smaller ethnic groups, such as Kashmiris , Hindkowans , Kalash , Burusho , Brahui , Khowar , Shina , Balti and Turwalis are mainly found in the northern parts of the country. This paper analyses the impact of the Sindhi ethnic society (also known as the "Jeeya Sindh movement") on the political history of Pakistan during the 1970s. Pashtun is an ethnic group predominant in Afghanistan and Pakistan characterized as warriors. The use of term nationalism in Pakistan for ethnic parties by other groups or the parties themselves has had large-scale negative repercussions. [25] According to the census of 1998, the religious breakdown of the city was: Muslim (96.45%); Christian (2.42%); Hindu (0.86%); Ahmadiyya (0.17%); others (0.10%) ( Parsis , Sikhs , Baháʼís , Jews and Buddhists ). [37][38], The Burusho or Brusho people live in the Hunza and Yasin valleys of Gilgit–Baltistan in northern Pakistan. Sindhi Muslim culture is highly influenced by Sufi doctrines and principles and some of the popular cultural icons of Sindh are Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, Jhulelal and Sachal Sarmast.[9]. Nazir, P., 1993. [16], According to Dr. Akhtar Baloch, Professor at University of Karachi, the Balochis migrated from Balochistan during the Little Ice Age and settled in Sindh and Punjab. There are over 60 languages spoken in Pakistan. [25] They refer to themselves as "Kashur" in their mother language. Mirza, Z.I., Hassan, M.U. The culture of the Saraikis has been greatly influenced by the Punjabis because of their close association. This ethnic group forms 15.4% of the Pakistani population. Urdu is the official national language, and a symbol of national unity understood by 80% of the Pakistani. Most languages of Pakistan are written in the Perso-Arabic script, with significant … Sindh Province was one of the places to be influenced by Islam because of its location. They are a tribe with a very strong history and are noble barons and landlords (jagirdars). Fertility in Pakistan. The territory forming Pakistan is considered the cradle of civilization having been home to several ancient cultures. Smaller ethnic groups found throughout the nation include Kashmiris, Kalash, Chitralis, Siddi, Burkusho, Wakhis, Khowar, Hazara, Shina, Kalyu Baltis and Jatts. Pashtuns (also referred to as Pukhtuns), an Iranic ethno-linguistic group, are Pakistan's second largest ethnicity (consisting 15% of the population). Pashtun is an ethnic group predominant in Afghanistan and Pakistan characterized as warriors. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, 10 Animals That Live in Pakistan — Pakistan Animals, Largest Ethnic Groups And Nationalities In The United States, 10 Countries Where Women Far Outnumber Men, The Most Famous Serial Killers In America And Their Twisted Crimes. A large number of Punjabis descend from groups historically associated with skilled professions and crafts, such as the Sunar, Lohar, Kumhar, Tarkhan, Julaha, Mochi, Hajjam, Chhimba Darzi, Teli, Lalari, Qassab, Mallaah, Dhobi, Mirasi, etc. The Sindhis are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group who speak the Sindhi language and are native to the Sindh province of Pakistan and they are Pakistan's third largest ethnicity (consisting 14% of the country). The majority is Serakis, potoharis, Dogris, Hindko speaking, Paharis and several other languages, including Pashto and Balochi. They make up an estimated 35 million of Pakistan's total population[7][8] and are mostly adherent to Sunni Islam. Smaller ethnic groups found throughout the nation include Kashmiris, Kalash, Chitralis, Siddi, Burkusho, Wakhis, Khowar, Hazara, Shina and Baltis. [15] Despite living south towards the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian sea for centuries, they are classified as a northwestern Iranian people in accordance to their language which belongs to the northwestern subgroup of Iranian languages. The ethnic groups in Karachi includes all the ethnic groups in Pakistan. Punjabi activities in the Indus Valley led to the early civilization in the 5th and 4th millennium BC. With a land area of 881,913km2, the country is the 36th largest in the world. The country is made up of many different ethnic groups, with Punjabi being the largest group, at 44% of the country's population in 2009. Most of these Afghan refugees were born in Pakistan within the last 30 years and are ethnic Pashtuns, Tajiks, Uzbeks, Baloch and Turkmen.[2]. Ethnic Groups in Pakistan. The term Muhajir is also used for descendants of Muslims who migrated to Pakistan after the 1947 partition of India. Pashtunwali code defines the culture of the Pa… Muslim is the official religion of Pakistan, wit… The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries[17][18][19] (or alternatively, from about 1300[20] to about 1850[21][22][23]), although climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period, which varied according to local conditions.
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