Franklin's electrostatic machine has been listed as one of the Natural sciences good articles under the good article criteria. Georg Matthias Bose, also known as Mathias Bose, was a famous electrical experimenter in the early days of the development of electrostatics. It was the original form of the capacitor. Der Holzrahmen wurde wahrscheinlich von Franklins Freund Benjamin Loxley hergestellt , einem Schreiner aus Philadelphia, der 1751 ähnliche Maschinen für Lewis Evans herstellte . Franklin erklärte, dass dieses "Wachkastenexperiment" zeigte, dass Blitz und Elektrizität ein und dasselbe waren. Italian scientist Luigi Galvani had an electrostatic generator in his laboratory, where experiments with frog legs led to the discovery of animal electricity. [11] [41] Franklin and his associates observed that pointed objects were more effective than blunt objects at "drawing off" and "throwing off" sparks from static electricity. Benjamin Franklin's electrostatic motor Although Franklin left no drawing of his motor, his description of it in a letter to Peter Collinson, a Fellow of the Royal Society, enabled Jefimenko to reconstruct a working model [see illustration at right]. [55] While replicating the electrical experiments, some unanswered questions prompted Priestly to design additional experiments, leading to additional discoveries. In 1748, Benjamin Franklin invented what he called the electric wheel. Corbett's machine is in the collection of the Mount Lebanon Shaker Village in the state of New York USA. Er führte ein detailliertes Tagebuch seiner Forschung in einem Tagebuch namens "Electrical Minutes", das seitdem verloren gegangen ist. [19] Franklin wondered if this discovery could be used in a practical invention. Er erklärte, dass der Blitz den gleichen Prinzipien folgte wie die Funken von Franklins elektrostatischer Maschine. A lightning rod or lightning conductor (UK) is a metal rod mounted on a structure and intended to protect the structure from a lightning strike. In 1748, Franklin turned over his entire printing business to his partner David Hall. [15], Franklin realized that wooden buildings could be protected from lightning strikes, and the deadly fires that often resulted, by placing a pointed iron on a rooftop, with the other end of the rod placed deep into the ground. Aus seinem Namen wurden mehrere elektrische Begriffe aus dem 18. Franklin erfand den Blitzableiter basierend auf dem, was er aus Experimenten mit seiner elektrostatischen Maschine gelernt hatte. [3] In 1745, German cleric Ewald Georg von Kleist and Dutch scientist Pieter van Musschenbroek discovered independently that the electric charge from these machines could be stored in a Leyden jar, named after the city of Leiden in the Netherlands. 1748 übergab Franklin sein gesamtes Druckgeschäft an seinen Partner David Hall . Um seine Theorie zu testen, schlug Franklin ein möglicherweise tödliches Experiment vor, das während eines Gewitters durchgeführt werden sollte, bei dem eine Person auf einem isolierten Hocker in einem Wachhäuschen stehen und einen langen, spitzen Eisenstab heraushalten würde, um einen Blitz anzuziehen. The machine was supposedly once the property of Benjamin Franklin and was used by him in his electrostatic experiments. [36] He concluded that lightning was essentially nothing more than giant electric sparks, similar to the sparks from the static charges produced by his electrostatic machine. Later, he was also associated with Thomas Hopkinson and Philip Syng in experimentation with electricity. Nach Franklins Tod wurden zwei ikonische Artefakte aus seiner Forschung, die ursprüngliche "Batterie" von Leyden-Gläsern und die "Glasröhre", die 1747 von Collinson geschenkt wurde, 1836 von Thomas Hopkinsons Enkel Joseph an die Royal Society übergeben Hopkinson nach Franklins Willen. This was the first machine for producing static electricity, or the first electrostatic generator. [59]. Although Franklin left no drawing of his motor, his description of it in a letter to Peter Collinson, a Fellow of the Royal Society, enabled Jefimenko to reconstruct a working model [see illustration at right]. Priestly entwarf und verwendete seine eigenen Variationen von Franklins Maschine. The electrostatic machine was designed and built with help by Thomas Hopkinson, Ebenezer Kinnersley and Philip Syng, associates of Franklin in these electrical experiments. [7]. [24] A few revolutions of the handle were all that were needed to charge a Leyden jar. It was Benjamin Loxley, a Philadelphia carpenter, who constructed the electrostatic machine from wood. Its key components are a glass globe which turned on … [50], Franklin's friend Kinnersley traveled throughout the eastern United States in the 1750s demonstrating man-made "lightning" on model thunder houses to show a how an iron rod placed into the ground would protect a wooden structure. The publication was well received worldwide. Illustration depicts a Franklin electrostatic machine, used to generate electricity for study, 1895. [13] [14] This gave Franklin a complete system to experiment with generating and storing electricity. [15] Franklin theorized this "electrical fire" was collected from this other material somehow, and not produced by the friction on the object. Beispielsweise war statische Elektrizität als "Franklin-Strom" bekannt, und " Franklinisierung " ist eine Form der Elektrotherapie, bei der Franklin Patienten mit starken statischen Aufladungen schockierte, um Patienten mit verschiedenen Krankheiten zu behandeln. An electrostatic machine invented by Johann Heinrich Winkler (1703-1770) ... Benjamin Franklin had a good deal of luck not to win this honour when performing his kite experiments. Scientific instruments of all types were in short supply in colonial America so Franklin supplemented his imported equipment with items of his own design. The charge could then be used directly in experiments or transferred from the globe to a Leyden jar. Franklin spezifizierte die Materialien, die in der Glasformel verwendet werden sollen, und die Globen wurden von Caspar Wistar , einem engen Mitarbeiter von Franklin, hergestellt. Später ersetzte er den Globus durch eine Glasröhre von etwa 0,76 m Luft. Franklin was the first to call the device an "electrical battery". Franklin's electrostatic machine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. European scientists developed machines to generate static electricity decades earlier. [10], In 1746, Franklin began working on electrical experiments with Ebenezer Kinnersley after he bought all of Archibald Spencer's electrical equipment that he used in his lectures. The last two editions were in a book volume with hard covers and a book spine. He explained that lightning followed the same principles as the sparks from Franklin's electrostatic machine. Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera . Each bar was tipped with a brass thimble. Franklin's electrostatic machine is a high-voltage static electricity-generating device used by Benjamin Franklin in the mid-18th century for research into electrical phenomena. Franklin's machine consisted of a vertical shaft that was free to rotate, from which several glass bars extended like spokes. Franklin wrote detailed letters and documents about his experiments with the electrostatic machine and Leyden jars. Die Glasröhre war ein weniger effektiver statischer Generator als der Globus, wurde jedoch populärer, weil sie einfacher zu bedienen war. Collinson war der Londoner Agent der Bibliothek und lieferte die neuesten Technologie-Nachrichten aus Europa. [22] Franklin's machine was given to Library Company of Philadelphia by Franklin's grandson in 1792, [4] and is currently on display at the Franklin Institute. Während Joseph Priestley über die Geschichte der Elektrizität schrieb, ermutigte ihn Franklin, eine elektrostatische Maschine zu verwenden, um die Experimente durchzuführen, über die er schrieb. Beim Drehen der Kurbel rieb die Glaskugel gegen ein Lederpolster, das eine große statische Ladung erzeugte, ähnlich der elektrischen Ladung, die durch Reiben eines Glasrohrs mit einem Wolltuch von Hand erzeugt werden konnte. Ein paar Umdrehungen des Griffs waren alles, was zum Aufladen eines Leyden-Glases erforderlich war. [36] He referred to static electricity as "electric fire", "electric matter", or "electric fluid." Saved by Joanne Limot. The machine consisted of a rotating glass jar that produced an electrical charge by means of a crank wheel that was turned by hand. An iron axle passed through the globe. It was previously published in Dr Ray Vaughn Pierce's 'The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser... Erstklassige Nachrichtenbilder in hoher Auflösung bei Getty Images Illustration depicts a Franklin electrostatic machine, used to generate electricity for study, 1895. It supplied sparks to a Leyden jar so Franklin would have a source of electricity on demand. The charge is generated by one of two methods: either the triboelectric effect (friction) or electrostatic induction. [23] When the crank was turned, the glass globe rubbed against a leather pad, which generated a large static charge, similar to the electrical charge that could be created by rubbing a glass tube with wool cloth by hand. By the end of the 17th century, researchers had developed practical means of generating electricity by friction, but the development of electrostatic machines did not begin in earnest until the 18th century, when they became fundamental instruments in the studies about the new science of electricity. Franklins Maschine wurde 1792 von Franklins Enkel an die Library Company of Philadelphia übergeben und ist derzeit im Franklin Institute ausgestellt . Franklin war nicht der erste, der einen elektrostatischen Generator baute. Franklin's experiments with the machine eventually led to new theories about electricity and inventing the lightning rod. Franklin bells are only a qualitative indicator of electric charge and were used for simple demonstrations rather than research. He later replaced the globe with a glass tube of about 2.5 feet (0.76 m) emptied of air. Eine Eisenachse fuhr durch den Globus. Eighteenth-century scientific laboratories usually contained some form of hand-operated electrostatic machine. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Jahrhundert abgeleitet. It was previously published in Dr Ray Vaughn Pierce's 'The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser... Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty Images Franklin's electrostatic machine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Early knowledge of how charged substances interact is now called classical electrodynamics, and is still accurate for problems that do not require consideration of quantum effects. 1745 deutschen Kleriker in Europa populär und weit verbreitet war Ewald Georg von Kleist und niederländischen Wissenschaftlern Pieter van Musschenbroek entdeckten unabhängig voneinander , dass die elektrische Ladung von diesen Maschinen in einer gespeichert werden könnte Leidener Flasche , benannt nach der Stadt Leiden in den Niederlanden . [51], Franklin distributed copies of the electrostatic machine to many of his close associates to encourage them to study electricity. These letters concerned Franklin's discoveries about the behavior of electricity based on experimentation and scientific studies. [6] [7] [8] Franklin wrote a letter to Collinson on March 28, 1747, [9] thanking him, and saying the tube and instructions had motivated several colleagues and him to begin serious experiments with electricity. Creative Commons Namensnennung-Weitergabe, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 31. [5] Collinson was the library's London agent and provided the latest technology news from Europe. Søg efter jobs der relaterer sig til Franklins electrostatic machine, eller ansæt på verdens største freelance-markedsplads med 19m+ jobs. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. Franklin declared that this "sentry-box experiment" showed that lightning and electricity were one and the same. Military Terms Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin [15] A similar but less dangerous version of this experiment was first performed successfully in France On May 10, 1752, and later repeated several more times throughout Europe, though after a fatality in 1753 it was less frequently tried. Franklin experimentierte nicht nur mit der elektrostatischen Maschine mit der Glaskugel, sondern auch mit dem Leyden-Glas. [2], Machines that generated static electricity with a glass disc were popular and widespread in Europe by 1740. 1746 begann Franklin mit Ebenezer Kinnersley an elektrischen Experimenten zu arbeiten, nachdem er alle elektrischen Geräte von Archibald Spencer gekauft hatte , die er in seinen Vorlesungen verwendete. These bells were the first mechanical machines to run using an electrical charge. Franklin schrieb am 28. [32] A similar apparatus had been created earlier by Daniel Gralath. An object with an absence of net charge is referred to as neutral. Cari pekerjaan yang berkaitan dengan Franklins electrostatic machine atau upah di pasaran bebas terbesar di dunia dengan pekerjaan 19 m +. In the mid 1660s, German Otto von Guericke (1602-1686) made a machine where a ball of sulfur was turned on an axle while a cloth rubbed on the ball’s surface. Franklin fragte sich, ob diese Entdeckung in einer praktischen Erfindung verwendet werden könnte. Experiments and Observations on Electricity, The History and Present State of Electricity, "From Benjamin Franklin to Peter Collinson, 28 March 1747", National Historical Publications and Records Commission, "The Wistars and their Glass 1739 – 1777", "Experiments and Observations on Electricity", "Benjamin Franklin 'faked kite experiment, Benjamin Franklin's electrical apparatus (electrostatic machine) at Smithsonian National Museum of American History. [39] [40], Franklin invented the lightning rod based on what he learned from experiments with his electrostatic machine. Er bezeichnete statische Elektrizität als "elektrisches Feuer", "elektrische Materie" oder "elektrische Flüssigkeit". Franklin war der erste, der das Gerät als " elektrische Batterie " bezeichnete. Busque trabalhos relacionados a Franklins electrostatic machine ou contrate no maior mercado de freelancers do mundo com mais de 19 de trabalhos. Franklin vermutete, dass dieses "elektrische Feuer" irgendwie aus diesem anderen Material gesammelt und nicht durch die Reibung auf dem Objekt erzeugt wurde. For example, static electricity was known as "Franklin current", [38] and "Franklinization" is a form of electrotherapy where Franklin shocked patients with strong static charges, to treat patients with various illnesses. This allowed the globe to be rotated at high speed. [10] [52] [53] [54], While Joseph Priestley was writing about the history of electricity, Franklin encouraged him to use an electrostatic machine to perform the experiments he was writing about. This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin%27s_electrostatic_machine00:00:38 1 Background00:04:21 2 … A first version of it was invented in 1762 by Swedish professor Johan Carl Wilcke,. La macchina elettrostatica di Franklin in mostra al Franklin Institute . Dadurch konnte der Globus mit hoher Geschwindigkeit gedreht werden. [1] Francis Hauksbee developed a more advanced electrostatic generator around 1704 using a glass bulb that had a vacuum. [19] [20] Franklin experimented not only with the electrostatic machine with the glass globe, but also with the Leyden jar.
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